American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 174

The newest electric submersible
pump designs reduce the total
hydraulic thrust in both upthrust
and downthrust conditions, allowing pumps to operate efficiently and reliably in a wider
operating range. Recirculation
systems can be used to cool the
ESP motor below the well perforations while directly injecting
chemicals through recirculation
capillary tubing, reducing failures caused by excessive motor
heating and scale buildup.

mid-1990s, and operate by the simple
principle of providing forced cooling
liquid to the ESP. The recirculation ESP
uses a tapered pump system in which a
portion of the pump's output from the
lowest stage in the ESP is redirected into
a conduit, where it is pumped down the
well until it exits to the wellbore below
the motor. This fluid cools the motor as
it returns to the pump intake.
The recirculation ESP system also en-

hances the capillary deployment of scale
and corrosion chemical treatment, keeping
the motor protected from negative effects
of scale. The capillary tube can be terminated above the pump or below the motor.
Either way, a portion of the chemical is
carried below the motor with the recirculation fluid to provide continuous chemical
treatment for the motor.
The ESP system also includes gashandling solutions, which are essential

for processing or venting any free gas
and keeping it out of the main pump.
High-efficiency gas separators separate
the gas out of the fluid mixture before it
enters the pump. Multiphase gas handling
pumps can be used in conjunction with
gas separators, compressing the free gas
back into a homogenous fluid. This allows
the primary pump to produce the head required to deliver production to the surface.
Unique pump stages designed to prohibit
gas accumulation and provide better solids
handling further increase the ESP system's
capability to handle free gas.
A final component to optimizing production and minimizing intervention costs
comes from Web-based monitoring services linked to a variable speed drive. This
gives operators access to real-time data,
allowing them to make proactive, rather
than reactive, decisions. Key ESP system
performance data are monitored and analyzed to identify potential equipment
issues before they impact production.
This surveillance and monitoring service
enables the remote adjustment of the operating speed to prevent premature failure
or enhance performance. Performance
data are collected, stored, and managed
for continuous improvement and tracking
of key performance indicators.

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174 THE AMERICAN OIL & GAS REPORTER



American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015

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