Four Star Culture Guide - 2019 - 15

BROWALLIA
Endless™

NUTRITION
pH: 5.8 - 6.2
EC: (2:1 extraction method) .6 - .9
Constant feeding at 100ppm - 150ppm nitrogen with a fertilizer
selected for grower's water quality and soil mix is recommended.

GROWTH REGULATORS
Growing under proper light conditions, with adequate spacing,
moderate soil moisture levels, and recommended temperatures
will produce the highest quality plants and lower the need for
any PGR treatments.

TEMPERATURE
Rooting out: 68 - 72 F
Growing on: 68 - 72 F
Holding: 65 - 68 F

Based on plant growth and local weather conditions, B-Nine®
(daminozide) can be used at 1,500ppm - 2,500ppm. Endless
Illumination will require less PGR than Flirtation in most cases.

WATERING
Maintain moderate soil moisture. Allow the soil to cycle from
moist to only slightly dry. Avoid both severe dry downs/wilting
and long periods of wet soil especially at cooler temperatures.
Growing too wet early in the production cycle can cause disease
issues while severe wilt conditions can damage root systems and
foliage. Controlling moisture levels and growing at moderate to
slightly dry is a good practice to also control plant growth.
TIMING
4" - 5"/Grande™: 5 - 7 weeks with one 104 Liner plant.
6"/1GL Royale™: 6 - 9 weeks with one to two 104 Liner plants.
8": 8 - 11 weeks with one to two 104 Liner plants.
10" - 12": 11 - 13 weeks with three to five 104 Liner plants.
PLANTING
The 104 Liner plants should be planted only slightly deeper than
the liner root ball into a well-drained soil mix selected to match
individual water quality and fertilizer blends. Water in thoroughly
without saturating the mix and maintain a constant moderate
soil moisture level for the first seven to 10 days to establish
new rooting. The plants have already been pinched once during
the 104 tray production cycle. Pinching should not be needed
except in the case of taller material at time of planting or for
larger containers. For larger containers, a second pinch can be
performed as needed. Usually a second pinch would be done as
a softer pinch used mainly to shape the plant.
LIGHT/LIGHTING
Grow in a moderate light level area of the greenhouse for
optimal plant development and branching. Slightly lower light
levels can be used with proper temperature, humidity, air
movement, and watering practices.

PEST and DISEASE MANAGEMENT
With proper growing conditions and water management,
disease issues should not be a problem. Control excessive
humidity levels in the greenhouse, provide adequate space
for good air flow, and do not over fertilize. Watch for Powdery
Mildew and Botrytis.
For Whiteflies, Thrips, Aphids, and Spider Mites, scout crops on
a regular basis and use control measures as needed.
Browallias are more sensitive to chemical applications
than many crops. It may be best to trial chemicals on a small
number of plants before applying any chemical to the entire
crop. In warm and bright conditions, oils, soaps, and
emulsifiable concentrate materials have caused leaf
edge damage.
OUTDOOR GROWING SCHEDULE
Endless Browallias are heat-loving plants and should be
grown outdoors only after the danger of frost has passed and
temperatures have warmed. The foliage can be damaged
from a very light frost or chilling temperatures. At Four Star
(Michigan) we only move these crops outdoors in mid-May if
weather allows.
OTHER TIPS
For proper plant growth and desired finished quality, provide
lightly shaded to moderate light conditions in the greenhouse,
warm temperatures, adequate spacing, managed moisture
levels, and moderate nutrition levels. Maintain proper soil pH
and fertilizer levels. If soil pH drops below recommended levels,
minor element toxicity can develop on lower leaves. Plants
should be scheduled and grown in time frames that supply
these requirements. In many areas of the country it is best
to schedule the Endless Browallia for later spring and
summer sales.

The rates and chemicals listed are based on our southeast Michigan growing conditions, and are not recommended for nationwide application.
Please adjust the rates and spray applications to your location and facility.

Four Star Culture Guide - 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Four Star Culture Guide - 2019