American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2016 - 80
SpecialReport: Big Data & Geostatistics
FIGURE 1
Differences between Modeled Isotropic Down-Going (Blue)
And Picked (Red) Travel Times on Offset VSP
250
250
350
350
300
300
400
400
450
450
500
500
550
550
600
Time (ms)
An offset VSP was acquired for offsets
from zero to 8,000 feet.
600
650
650
700
700
750
750
800
800
850
850
900
900
950
950
1,000
1,000
1,050
1,050
1,100
1,100
1,150
1,150
of a process that was performed with
wavelet packets-based "denoising." The
denoising parametrization is designed to
avoid the attenuation of refracted, diving
waves and to remove only surface waves.
From previous vertical seismic profile
studies in the area, vertical transverse
isotropy (VTI) appeared to be minimal.
Study Results
The downward-propagating compressional (P) waves were picked to analyze
VTI anisotropy. As shown in Figure 1,
the picked events (shown in red) demonstrated minimal travel time difference to
the calculated down-going events from
the computed isotropic model (shown in
blue). In fact, the blue and the red picks
overlap, indicating a negligible VTI.
Therefore, acoustic anisotropic FWI did
not need to be considered for this study.
The initial velocity model was derived
using first-arrival tomography. Following
the surface wave denoising, low-frequency
band-pass filtering was applied to generate
the input data for a frequency-based FWI.
However, it was clear that the waveforms
were being distorted as a result of field
production noise. It was, therefore, impossible to apply frequency-based FWI.
Accordingly, instead of frequencybased FWI, the study was conducted
using a time domain-based FWI methodology that used shot gathers band-pass-
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2016
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2016
Contents
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2016 - Cover2
American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2016 - Contents
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