American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2016 - 43

in stage 4, which was selected because
experience shows that stress shadowing
takes two or three stages to develop, and
because stage 4 did not communicate to
any previous stages. The image also
demonstrates the general heel bias for
dominant fractures that was persistent in
all stages.
Another observation from the frac
model is that near-wellbore proppant concentration at the end of the job following
diverter placement was not significantly
improved over the near-wellbore proppant
concentration observed at the end of the
first or second sand ramp. In fact, there
was a tendency to develop excessive and
potentially undesirable fracture length
and/or height as the result of continued
injection into the same dominant fracture.
Figure 6B shows the modeled proppant
distribution for cluster 3 of stage 4. The
top left shows distribution after the first
treatment ramp, the middle figure shows
the distribution after the first diverter
drop and second treatment ramp, and the
bottom right shows distribution at the
end of the stage after the second diverter
drop and the third treatment ramp. Proppant concentration again is scaled from
0 (green) to 4 (purple).

FIGURE 6A
End-of-Treatment Proppant Concentration Distributions
For Stage 4 Clusters

Interesting Outcomes
DAS/DTS fiber data indicated one or
two dominate fractures per cluster, and
this behavior was mimicked by the fracture

modeling, although predictions of the
dominant cluster varied. That variation
most likely was the result of actual perforation completion efficiency in the wellbore versus ideal completion efficiency



American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2016

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