American Oil and Gas Reporter - April 2015 - 73

initial frac. With that path temporarily
sealed by a blocking agent, the subsequent
refrac would be diverted to perforations
that did not take fluid during the original
completion. Demonstrated limitations are
the requirement for fluid circulation and
positive wellbore pressure, uncontrolled
placement, highly variable and unpredictable performance, short effective life,
high cost, high risk and low success rates.
Straddle packers on coiled tubing can
be used to isolate target intervals, with
the stimulation pumped through the CT
string. A key drawback of straddle assemblies is that treatment rates are limited
to about 18 barrels a minute or less for
the largest (27⁄8-inch) coiled tubing, and
there is still a need to seal the wellbore
above the target zone to prevent communication through the formation, resulting
in inflow on top of the straddle assembly.
This method, however, does overcome
many of the wellbore issues, and the low
pumping rate is somewhat offset by the
single-point stimulation.
Reclosable Sleeve Technology
For restimulation to become a practical
life-cycle consideration for unconventional
wells, new completion technology is
needed that maintains wellbore integrity
and enables stage-by-stage access and

pressure management over the full life
of the well. One such solution, now
poised to enter the market, incorporates
full-drift, cemented casing sleeves that
can be cycled open and closed as needed
during refrac operations, and also during
the original completion and the production
phase of the well.
For refracs, the sleeves can be closed
using a CT-deployed work string, allowing
the wellbore to be filled with fluid for
circulation and pressure control. The
refrac operation can be performed the
same way as the original completion,
using similar rates and pressures to deliver
enough energy to reopen and extend existing fractures. The secure wellbore also
allows new fracture stages to be added
using sand-jet perforating.
In addition to facilitating refracs, reclosable sleeves offer important benefits
during the initial completion. They can
be closed immediately after each frac to
allow fracture "healing" and to enable
alternate-stage fracturing (the "Texas
two-step") to offset the effects of stress
shadowing. Moreover, during production,
the sleeves can be closed to shut off thief
zones or unwanted water or gas production,
or to balance production along the lateral.
Reclosable sleeves have been run and
tested already in many wells and have

proven to be effective for shutting off
water production. It will not be long
before operators learn whether reclosable
sleeves are the key to effective, practical
and profitable refracs.
Ì

JAMIE
PHILLIPS

Jamie Phillips is product line manager for refrac systems at NCS Multistage LLC. He has worked in the oil
and gas industry for more than 15
years and has experience in manufacturing, engineering, sales, operations and business development.
Phillips has knowledge of most of the
significant North American oil and
gas plays, including the Bakken, Haynesville and Eagle Ford. He holds a
B.S. in mechanical engineering from
Texas A&M University and an M.B.A.
from Texas Christian University.

Enterprise & Industry
Historic Research
Rigorous research and resonant writing for company
histories, web sites, and custom publishing
Customized media training courses
Projects of any size undertaken worldwide
on a fixed-fee, hourly, or per-word basis.
Work independently, or in conjunction with
in-house or outside communications teams.
Free Initial Consultation

www.enterpriseandindustry.com
office:

mobile: 646-256-4486
APRIL 2015 73



American Oil and Gas Reporter - April 2015

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - April 2015

Contents
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - April 2015 - Cover3
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