American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 112

croseismic acquisition and real-time processing must be able to
provide direct feedback to the engineers managing the frac job.
When done properly, this intimacy enables a higher level of
adaptive fracture management, which allows the frac engineer to
make better-informed RTO decisions that can dramatically improve stage by stage performance of every well so as to maximize production while minimizing stimulation cost. It also provides the information required to update the geomechanical model so that changes in the reservoir that occur during stimulation
can be factored into the rest of the operation.
Second, the microseismic exercise must be designed with an
acquisition geometry that will provide the most robust detection
and location of microseismic events. Using surface geophones
to detect P and S wave events, especially for deep reservoirs, is
proving not to be feasible and leads to severe detection limits along
with very significant errors in locating microseismic events.
While we will never have the luxury of the experimental geometry afforded to the medical profession (e.g., the CT scanner that
surrounds the patient), we must start making measurements that:
* Have the correct geometry and aperture to detect multiple
wave paths for the P and S wave events;
* Remove the severe challenges the near-surface creates for
detecting smaller events, and for S-waves in particular; and
* Address the accurate dual detection of P and S waves in
the subsurface.
This requires that the operator fully integrate the microseismic exercise into the field development plan so that nearby ver-

tical wells can be drilled in patterns and used as deep observation wells during drilling and stimulation of horizontals within
the grid of vertical wells that have been completed already.
Extraction Factory Model
The practice of drilling stand-alone observation wells needs
to be modified to merge the microseismic exercise into a more
efficient extraction factory model for shale development. This will
be especially true in a lower price environment, where the standalone observation wells could become cost-prohibitive.
Taking this approach also will allow the operator to be more
efficient in how he contracts microseismic services, so that a longterm monitoring approach can be used rather than the on-call approach, which is much less efficient and more costly over the long
term. Tightly integrating microseismic field crews into the factory process also will improve the performance of microseismic
acquisition and processing as the crew becomes intimate with the
particular reservoir (Figure 2).
Finally, the operator needs to start using dynamic reservoir models instead of the traditional static models that are standard in the
business. In my experience doing shock wave research work, we
had to model the world in Eulerian (deformed) coordinates versus Lagrangian (undeformed) coordinates because shock waves
deform the rocks through which they travel (e.g., in explosions,
nuclear tests and meteor impacts).
Now that operators are fracturing reservoirs intensely during
stimulation, they need to start thinking about RTO updates to the

FIGURE 2
Phase I Vertical Well Drilling

Phase II BSI and WTI Imaging

Phase III Horizontal Drilling

Target Shale Formation

Drill vertical walls in an initial spacing with the
same rigs: Optimize the vertical drilling process

Use the vertical wells to characterize the
reservoir: Upgrade data resolution

Phase IV Stimulation and Microseismic

Use adjacent vertical wells to monitor
frac jobs: Optimized imaging

Observation Wells

This 3-D field model demonstrates the shale factory approach
where vertical wells are drilled in an initial pattern and then are

112 THE AMERICAN OIL & GAS REPORTER

Drill horizontal wells using the same approach:
Better crew efficiency by focusing on one task

Phase V Infill Drilling

Plan rolling infill well programs based on the data
from the initial program

used as observation wells during the development of horizontal
wells.



American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015

Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - Cover1
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - Cover2
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 3
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 4
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 6
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 7
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 8
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 9
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 10
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 11
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 12
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 13
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 14
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 15
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 16
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 17
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 18
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 19
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 20
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 21
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 22
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 23
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 24
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 25
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 26
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 27
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 28
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 29
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 30
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 31
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 32
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 33
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 34
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 35
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 36
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 37
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 38
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 39
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 40
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 41
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 42
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 43
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 44
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 45
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 46
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 47
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 48
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 49
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 50
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 51
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 52
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 53
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 54
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 55
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 56
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 57
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 58
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 59
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 60
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 61
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 62
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 63
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 64
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 65
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 66
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 67
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 68
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 69
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 70
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 71
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 72
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 73
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 74
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 75
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 76
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 77
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 78
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 79
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 80
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 81
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 82
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 83
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 84
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 85
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 86
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 87
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 88
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 89
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 90
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 91
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 92
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 93
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 94
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 95
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 96
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 97
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 98
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 99
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 100
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 101
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 102
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 103
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 104
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 105
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 106
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 107
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 108
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 109
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 110
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 111
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 112
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 113
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 114
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 115
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 116
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 117
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 118
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 119
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 120
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 121
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 122
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 123
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 124
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 125
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 126
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 127
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 128
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 129
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 130
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 131
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 132
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 133
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 134
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 135
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 136
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 137
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 138
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 139
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 140
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 141
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 142
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 143
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 144
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 145
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 146
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 147
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 148
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 149
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 150
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 151
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 152
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 153
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 154
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 155
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 156
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 157
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 158
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 159
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 160
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 161
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 162
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 163
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 164
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 165
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 166
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 167
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 168
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 169
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 170
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 171
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 172
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 173
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 174
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 175
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 176
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 177
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 178
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 179
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 180
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 181
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 182
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 183
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 184
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 185
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 186
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 187
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 188
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 189
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 190
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 191
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 192
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 193
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 194
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 195
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 196
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 197
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 198
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 199
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 200
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 201
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 202
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 203
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 204
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 205
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 206
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 207
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 208
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 209
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 210
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 211
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 212
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 213
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 214
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 215
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 216
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 217
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 218
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 219
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 220
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 221
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 222
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 223
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 224
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 225
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 226
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 227
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 228
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 229
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 230
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 231
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 232
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 233
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 234
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 235
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 236
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 237
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 238
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 239
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 240
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 241
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - 242
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - Cover3
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2015 - Cover4
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201702/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201701/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201612/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201611/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201610/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/pbios2016_programguide/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201609/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201608/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201607/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201606/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201605/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201604/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201603/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201602/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201601/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201512/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201511/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201510/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201509/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201508/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201507/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201506/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201505/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201504/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201503/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201502/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201501/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201412/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201411/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201410/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201409/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/pbios2014_programguide/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201408/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201407/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201406/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201405/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201404/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201403/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201402/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201401/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201312/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201311/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201310/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201309/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201308/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201307/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201306/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201305/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201304/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201303/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201302/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201301/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201212/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201211/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201210/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201209/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/2012_pbios/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201208/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201207/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201206/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201205/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201204/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201203/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201202/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201201/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/demo/aogr_clone/stage.php
http://staging.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201112/stage.php
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com